Class 10 Social Science Syllabus

French Revolution, sovereignty, citizenship, and the emergence of the modern nation-state.

Napoleonic reforms and the spread of modern administrative and legal ideas.

Aristocracy, liberalism, nationalism, and the emerging middle class.

Revolutionary movements and the development of Romantic nationalism.

Unification movements involving Bismarck, Cavour, Garibaldi, and Mazzini.

Female allegories including Marianne and Germania.

Nationalist tensions and the Balkan region as a centre of imperial rivalry.

Effects of World War I, the Khilafat movement, and the Non-Cooperation Movement.

Participation of towns, countryside, tribal communities, and plantation workers.

Swaraj Party, Simon Commission, Lahore Session, and the transition toward Civil Disobedience.

Dandi March of 1930 and nationwide Civil Disobedience.

Participation and interests of rich peasants, poor peasants, business groups, workers, and women.

Dalit mobilisation and Hindu-Muslim political divisions.

Bharat Mata imagery, national flag, folklore, and reinterpretation of history.

Early global connections through trade routes, movement of goods, people, and ideas.

European expansion, disease, conquest, and transformation of global trade.

Only the specified pre-modern connectivity through conquest, disease, and trade portion is evaluated in the Board Examination; later sections are non-evaluative/project-oriented.

Proto-industrial production and the development of factory-based mechanisation in Britain.

Changing production systems, labour conditions, and the relationship between hand labour and machines.

Industrial growth and Indian industrialist pioneers under colonial conditions.

This chapter is excluded from the summative Board Examination and is restricted to periodic school assessments.

Hand printing and early print traditions in China, Japan, and Korea.

Johann Gutenberg's movable-type press and the spread of printing in Europe.

Print, religious debate, and the Protestant Reformation.

Expansion of literacy, public debate, Enlightenment ideas, and the French Revolution.

Children's literature, women writers, workers, and changing reading cultures.

Print culture, social reform debates, and the emergence of public opinion.

Development of vernacular newspapers and the Vernacular Press Act of 1878.

Classification of resources and factors influencing their development.

Sustainable resource use and the global framework established through Agenda 21.

Need, stages, and implementation of resource planning.

Land-use categories, patterns, degradation factors, and conservation.

Alluvial, Black, Red and Yellow, Laterite, Arid, and Forest soils.

Gully and sheet erosion and methods of soil conservation.

Causes of biodiversity depletion and status of plant and animal species.

Reserved, Protected, and Unclassed forests.

Chipko Movement, Beej Bachao Andolan, and Joint Forest Management.

Availability of water, causes of scarcity, and conservation imperatives.

Integrated water resource planning, dams, and major advantages and criticisms.

Guls, Kuls, Johads, Khadins, and rooftop rainwater harvesting.

Primitive subsistence, intensive subsistence, and commercial farming.

Rabi, Kharif, and Zaid cropping seasons.

Rice, wheat, millets including jowar, bajra and ragi, maize, and pulses.

Major commercial crops and their production conditions.

Technological and institutional reforms supporting agricultural development.

How minerals occur and are distributed in geological formations.

Ferrous, non-ferrous, and non-metallic mineral resources.

Coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydel power, and other conventional sources.

Solar, wind, biogas, nuclear, and other alternative energy sources.

Need for conservation and sustainable utilisation of mineral and energy resources.

Contribution of manufacturing industries to economic development and employment.

Raw materials, labour, capital, markets, transport, and other location factors.

Major agro-based industries including cotton textiles and sugar.

Iron and steel, aluminium, chemical, cement, and related industries.

Air, water, thermal, and noise pollution caused by industries and control measures.

Roadways, railways, pipelines, waterways, and airways.

Communication networks and their role in economic and social connectivity.

International trade, balance of trade, tourism, and economic significance.

Theoretical questions are excluded from the Board Examination; Map Work is the evaluated component.

Ethnic composition, Belgian accommodation, and Sri Lankan majoritarian policies.

Prudential and moral reasons for power sharing.

Horizontal, vertical, social-group, and political-party forms of power sharing.

Essential characteristics of federal political systems.

Two broad models of federal political organisation.

Union, State, Concurrent, and Residuary powers.

Linguistic states, language policy, and Centre-State relations.

73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, Panchayati Raj, and municipalities.

Sexual division of labour, gender inequality, and feminist movements.

Women's participation and representation in Indian legislative institutions.

Communal ideology, communalism, and its relationship with politics.

Constitutional principles governing religion and the secular state.

Politicisation of caste and mobilisation of caste-based political coalitions.

Role and functions of political parties in modern democracies.

One-party, two-party, and multi-party coalition systems.

Recognition criteria, history, and ideological orientations of national parties.

Role and development of state and regional political parties.

Internal democracy, dynastic rule, money and muscle power, lack of choice, and electoral reforms.

Frameworks for evaluating democratic governance.

Institutional accountability, responsiveness, and legitimacy.

Democratic performance in relation to economic growth and distribution of wealth.

Poverty alleviation, inequality, and social disparities.

Democracy's role in accommodating diversity and promoting dignity, equality, and individual freedom.

Multi-dimensional development and conflicting goals of different people.

Income-based comparisons and World Bank classification.

Infant mortality, literacy, net attendance, and other development indicators.

UNDP Human Development Index and public health infrastructure.

Environmental sustainability, depletion of natural capital, and responsible resource use.

Classification of production activities and interdependence between sectors.

Calculation and interpretation of GDP and sectoral contribution.

Growth of the tertiary sector and changing economic structure.

Disguised unemployment, underemployment, and employment patterns.

Employment initiatives including MGNREGA 2005.

Employment security, labour protection, and working conditions.

Ownership, public-sector objectives, and private-sector activity.

Origins of money and limitations of the barter system.

Currency notes, coins, demand deposits, and cheques.

Bank deposits, lending, and the role of banking institutions.

Collateral, interest rates, documentation, and repayment conditions.

Commercial banks and cooperatives compared with informal lenders.

SHGs and access to credit, particularly for rural communities and women.

MNCs and the organisation of production across countries.

FDI, international trade, and integration of markets.

Information technology, transport, and other forces accelerating globalisation.

De-regulation, removal of trade barriers, and the World Trade Organisation.

Effects on Indian producers, workers, consumers, and small producers.

Policy initiatives intended to make the benefits of globalisation more equitable.

Consumer movement, COPRA, and mechanisms for consumer protection.

Right to safety, information, choice, redressal, and representation.

Institutional mechanisms for resolving consumer grievances.

This chapter is excluded from written Board theory evaluation and is assessed exclusively through Project Work.